Oleanz Injection

Side Effects of Oleanz Injection

Postural hypotension; constipation; dizziness; wt gain; agitation; insomnia; akathisia; tremor; personality disorders; oedema; somnolence; increased appetite; antimuscarinic effects; speech difficulty; exacerbation of Parkinson's disease; hallucinations; asthenia; increased body temperature; bradycardia; hyperprolactinaemia; QT prolongation (uncommon); asymptomatic elevations of hepatic transaminases. Potentially Fatal: Exacerbation of preexisting diabetes sometimes leading to ketoacidosis. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome.

Drug Interactions

Olanzapine may antagonise the effects of levodopa and dopamine agonists. Drugs that induce CYP1A2 or glucuronyl transferase enzymes e.g. omeprazole and rifampicin, may increase olanzapine clearance. Inhibitors of CYP1A2 may potentially inhibit olanzapine elimination. Carbamazepine may increase the clearance of olanzapine. Concomitant admin of activated charcoal reduced the oral bioavailability of olanzapine by 50-60%. Caution should be taken when olanzapine is administered with centrally acting drugs and alcohol.

Contraindications

Angle-closure glaucoma; lactation. IM: History of CVS disease, heart surgery.

Mechanism of Action

Olanzapine is an atypical antipsychotic with affinity for serotonin 5-HT2A/2C, dopamine, muscarinic M1-M5, histamine H1 and adrenergic α1 receptors. Absorption: Well absorbed from the GI tract (oral); peak plasma concentrations after 5-8 hr (oral) or 15-45 min (IM). Distribution: Protein-binding: 93%. Metabolism: Extensively hepatic by direct glucuronidation and oxidation. Excretion: Urine (as metabolites), faeces; 30-38 hr (elimination half-life).

Special Precautions

Impaired renal, hepatic, cardiovascular function; prostatic hypertrophy; paralytic ileus; DM; parkinsonism; pregnancy. History of blood dyscrasias, myelosuppression, seizures; dementia; dyslipidaemia. IM: Hypotension, bradyarrhythmia, hypoventilation; monitor BP carefully. Caution when used in adolescents due to increased risk of weight gain and hyperlipidaemia. Efficacy and safety have not been established in paediatric patients <13 yr.

How to Use

Take orally with food and water, as directed by your physician.

How to Store

Keep in a cool, dry place away from sunlight and moisture.

Safety Concerns

• Alcohol: Avoid during treatment.
• Breastfeeding: Not recommended.
• Pregnancy: Contraindicated.
• Liver/Kidney: Use with caution.

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