Enam-2.5 Tab

Side Effects of Enam-2.5 Tab

Hypotension, dizziness, headache, fever, vertigo, fatigue, insomnia, peripheral neuropathy, nervousness, persistent dry cough, taste disturbances, rash, conjunctivitis, tachycardia, muscle cramps, nausea and vomiting, diarrhoea, skin reactions, dysgeusia, neutropenia, renal impairment or failure. Potentially Fatal: Angioedema associated w/ laryngeal oedema. Rarely, hepatic necrosis.

Drug Interactions

May potentiate hypotensive action w/ diuretics, other antihypertensives, TCAs, nitrates or anaesth. Concomitant admin w/ lithium carbonate may cause lithium toxicity. Increased risk of renal impairment w/ NSAIDs. May increase hyperkalaemic effect w/ K-sparing diuretics and supplements.

Contraindications

History of angioedema due to previous treatment w/ ACE inhibitors. Hereditary or idiopathic angioedema. Pregnancy.

Mechanism of Action

Enalapril, a prodrug of enalaprilat, competitively inhibits ACE from converting angiotensin I to angiotensin II (a potent vasoconstrictor) resulting in increased plasma renin activity and reduced aldosterone (a hormone that causes water and Na retention) secretion. This promotes vasodilation and BP reduction. Onset: Approx 1 hr. Duration: 12-24 hr. Absorption: Well absorbed from the GI tract (approx 60%). Time to peak plasma concentration: Oral: Enalapril: Approx 1 hr; enalaprilat: 3-4 hr. Distribution: Distributed into milk (trace amounts), crosses the placenta and appears to cross the blood-brain barrier poorly. Plasma protein binding: 50-60% (enalaprilat). Metabolism: Extensively hydrolysed to enalaprilat in the liver via esterases. Excretion: Via urine (43% as enalaprilat and 18% as enalapril); faeces (27% as enalaprilat and 6% as enalapril). Elimination half-life: Approx 11 hr.

Special Precautions

Patients w/ bilateral renal artery stenosis or a single kidney w/ unilateral renal artery stenosis, and w/ collagen vascular disease; aortic or mitral valve stenosis. Pre-existing renal insufficiency. Lactation. Monitoring Parameters Monitor BP, and K levels. Correct volume depletion prior to treatment.

How to Use

Take orally with food and water, as directed by your physician.

How to Store

Keep in a cool, dry place away from sunlight and moisture.

Safety Concerns

• Alcohol: Avoid during treatment.
• Breastfeeding: Not recommended.
• Pregnancy: Contraindicated.
• Liver/Kidney: Use with caution.

Content Disclaimer

This content is for educational purposes only. Please consult your doctor before use.