Lamuvid-150 Tab

Side Effects of Lamuvid-150 Tab

Abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, insomnia, cough, nasal symptoms, arthralgia, muscle pain, headache, fever, rash, alopecia, malaise, increased creatinine phosphokinase and alanine aminotransferase, peripheral neuropathy. Rarely rhabdomyolysis, pancreatitis, hepatitis. Neutropenia and anaemia (in combination with zidovudine), thrombocytopenia, increases in LFTs. Paronychia. Angioedema, urticaria, and anaphylactoid reaction. Potentially Fatal: Lactic acidosis associated with severe hepatomegaly and hepatic steatosis.

Drug Interactions

Renal excretion may be inhibited by high doses of trimethoprim (co-trimoxazole). May antagonise the antiviral action of zalcitabine.

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity. Lactation.

Mechanism of Action

Lamivudine, a nucleoside analogue, is phosphorylated in the body to the active triphosphate form. In the active form, it inhibits hepatitis B virus polymerase and HIV reverse transcriptase enzymes. Absorption: Rapidly absorbed from the GI tract, delayed if taken with food (oral); peak plasma concentrations after 1 hr. Distribution: Crosses the blood-brain barrier and placenta; enters breast milk. Protein-binding: Up to 36%. Metabolism: Intracellular; low hepatic metabolism. Excretion: Via urine (as unchanged drug); 5-7 hr (elimination half-life).

Special Precautions

Discontinue use if there is rapid increase in aminotransferase levels, progressive hepatomegaly, or metabolic or lactic acidosis of unknown origin. Discontinue use if clinical signs, symptoms or lab abnormalities suggestive of pancreatitis develop. Hepatomegaly or other risk factors for hepatic impairment. Monitor hepatic function in chronic hepatitis B patients. Exclude HIV infection prior to hepatitis B therapy. Renal impairment. Pregnancy.

How to Use

Take orally with food and water, as directed by your physician.

How to Store

Keep in a cool, dry place away from sunlight and moisture.

Safety Concerns

• Alcohol: Avoid during treatment.
• Breastfeeding: Not recommended.
• Pregnancy: Contraindicated.
• Liver/Kidney: Use with caution.

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