Alkeran Injection

Uses of Alkeran Injection

1. Melphalan is used to treat multiple myeloma (a type of cancer of the bone marrow).
2. Melphalan is also used to treat a certain type of ovarian cancer. 

Side Effects of Alkeran Injection

Diarrhoea, stomatitis, vomiting; haemolytic anaemia, vasculitis, pulmonary fibrosis, hepatic disorders, suppression of ovarian function in premenopausal women, temporary or permanent sterility in male patients. Allergic reactions. Potentially Fatal: Bone marrow suppression. Secondary malignancy, cardiac arrest. Anaphylaxis

Drug Interactions

Potentially Fatal: Fatal haemorrhagic enterocolitis with concurrent nalidixic acid in children. Potentiates risk of renal damage with ciclosporin.

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity. Severe bone marrow suppression. Pregnancy.

Mechanism of Action

Melphalan, a mechlorethamine derivative, is an alkylating antineoplastic agent. It forms carbonium ions, resulting in DNA and RNA synthesis inhibition. It cross-links DNA strands and acts on both resting and rapidly dividing tumour cells. Absorption: Variable absorption from the GI tract; absorption reduced by food (oral). Distribution: Rapid throughout body water. Protein-binding: 50-60%, mainly to albumin. Metabolism: Inactivated by hydrolysis. Excretion: Via urine (10%, as unchanged drug); 30-150 min (terminal half-life).

Special Precautions

Renal impairment. Lactation. Prior bone marrow suppression, prior chemotherapy or irradiation. May mask signs of infection e.g. fever and increased WBC. Elderly.

How to Use

Take orally with food and water, as directed by your physician.

How to Store

Keep in a cool, dry place away from sunlight and moisture.

Safety Concerns

• Alcohol: Avoid during treatment.
• Breastfeeding: Not recommended.
• Pregnancy: Contraindicated.
• Liver/Kidney: Use with caution.

Content Disclaimer

This content is for educational purposes only. Please consult your doctor before use.